Biology:HOXD9

Short description: Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Generic protein structure example

Homeobox protein Hox-D9 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HOXD9 gene.

Function

This gene belongs to the homeobox family of genes. The homeobox genes encode a highly conserved family of transcription factors that play an important role in morphogenesis in all multicellular organisms. Mammals possess four similar homeobox gene clusters, HOXA, HOXB, HOXC and HOXD, located on different chromosomes, consisting of 9 to 11 genes arranged in tandem. This gene is one of several homeobox HOXD genes located at 2q31-2q37 chromosome regions. Deletions that removed the entire HOXD gene cluster or 5' end of this cluster have been associated with severe limb and genital abnormalities. The exact role of this gene has not been determined.

See also

• Homeobox

Further reading

• "HOX4 genes encode transcription factors with potential auto- and cross-regulatory capacities". EMBO J. 10 (13): 4177–87. 1992. doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1991.tb04996.x. PMID 1756725. 
• "Complementary homeo protein gradients in developing limb buds". Genes Dev. 3 (5): 641–50. 1989. doi:10.1101/gad.3.5.641. PMID 2568311. 
• "The human HOX gene family". Nucleic Acids Res. 17 (24): 10385–402. 1990. doi:10.1093/nar/17.24.10385. PMID 2574852. 
• "Differential expression of two different homeobox gene families during mouse tegument morphogenesis". Int. J. Dev. Biol. 38 (4): 633–40. 1995. PMID 7779685. 
• "Specificity of HOX protein function depends on DNA-protein and protein-protein interactions, both mediated by the homeo domain". Genes Dev. 8 (6): 732–44. 1994. doi:10.1101/gad.8.6.732. PMID 7926763. 
• "HMG1 interacts with HOX proteins and enhances their DNA binding and transcriptional activation". EMBO J. 15 (18): 4981–91. 1996. doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1996.tb00878.x. PMID 8890171. 
• "Distinct HOX N-terminal arm residues are responsible for specificity of DNA recognition by HOX monomers and HOX.PBX heterodimers". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (13): 8635–43. 1997. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.13.8635. PMID 9079695. 
• "Monodactylous limbs and abnormal genitalia are associated with hemizygosity for the human 2q31 region that includes the HOXD cluster". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 65 (1): 104–10. 1999. doi:10.1086/302467. PMID 10364522. 
• "Targeted disruption of Hoxd9 and Hoxd10 alters locomotor behavior, vertebral identity, and peripheral nervous system development". Dev. Biol. 216 (2): 595–610. 2000. doi:10.1006/dbio.1999.9528. PMID 10642795. 
• "Clustering of two fragile sites and seven homeobox genes in human chromosome region 2q31→q32.1". Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 90 (1–2): 151–3. 2000. doi:10.1159/000015651. PMID 11060466. 
• "A 117-kb Microdeletion Removing HOXD9–HOXD13 and EVX2 Causes Synpolydactyly". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 70 (2): 547–55. 2002. doi:10.1086/338921. PMID 11778160. 
• "Complete mutation analysis panel of the 39 human HOX genes". Teratology 65 (2): 50–62. 2002. doi:10.1002/tera.10009. PMID 11857506. 
• "Expression of HOXD9 in fibroblast-like synoviocytes from rheumatoid arthritis patients". Int. J. Mol. Med. 10 (1): 41–8. 2002. doi:10.3892/ijmm.10.1.41. PMID 12060849. 
• "[Increased expression of HOXA9 gene in Hirschsprung disease]". Gastroenterol. Clin. Biol. 26 (12): 1110–7. 2003. PMID 12520199. 
• "Immunocytochemical detection of HoxD9 and Pbx1 homeodomain protein expression in Chinese esophageal squamous cell carcinomas". World J. Gastroenterol. 11 (10): 1562–6. 2005. doi:10.3748/wjg.v11.i10.1562. PMID 15770739. 
• "Mutations in HOXD13 Underlie Syndactyly Type V and a Novel Brachydactyly-Syndactyly Syndrome". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 80 (2): 361–71. 2007. doi:10.1086/511387. PMID 17236141. 

External links

• HOXD9+protein,+human at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.