Biology:NEUROD1
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Short description: Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
 Generic protein structure example |
Neurogenic differentiation 1 (Neurod1), also called β2,[1] is a transcription factor of the NeuroD-type. It is encoded by the human gene NEUROD1.
In mice, Neurod1 expression is first seen at embryonic day 12 (E12).[2]
It is a member of the Neurod family of basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors, composed of Neurod1, Neurod2, Neurod4, and Neurod6. The protein forms heterodimers with other bHLH proteins and activates transcription of genes that contain a specific DNA sequence known as the E-box. It regulates expression of the insulin gene, and mutations in this gene result in type II diabetes mellitus in mouse models and in human clinical patients.[3]
Neurod1 is found to convert reactive glial cells into functional neurons in the mouse brain in vivo[4] In the adult cortex, Neurod1 expression is a marker of mature excitatory pyramidal neurons in the upper-most layers of the cortex.[5]
Interactions
Neurod1 has been shown to interact with MAP3K10,[6] MAFA[7] and Cyclin D1.[8]
References
- ↑ "NeuroD1/beta2 contributes to cell-specific transcription of the proopiomelanocortin gene". Molecular and Cellular Biology 17 (11): 6673–82. November 1997. doi:10.1128/mcb.17.11.6673. PMID 9343431.
- ↑ Bormuth, Ingo; Yan, Kuo; Yonemasu, Tomoko; Gummert, Maike; Zhang, Mingyue; Wichert, Sven; Grishina, Olga; Pieper, Alexander et al. (2013-01-09). "Neuronal Basic Helix–Loop–Helix Proteins Neurod2/6 Regulate Cortical Commissure Formation before Midline Interactions" (in en). Journal of Neuroscience 33 (2): 641–651. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0899-12.2013. ISSN 0270-6474. PMID 23303943.
- ↑ Malecki, Maciej T.; Jhala, Ulupi S.; Antonellis, Anthony; Fields, Liz; Doria, Alessandro; Orban, Tihamer; Saad, Mohammed; Warram, James H. et al. (November 1999). "Mutations in NEUROD1 are associated with the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus" (in en). Nature Genetics 23 (3): 323–328. doi:10.1038/15500. ISSN 1546-1718. PMID 10545951. https://www.nature.com/articles/ng1199_323.
- ↑ "In vivo direct reprogramming of reactive glial cells into functional neurons after brain injury and in an Alzheimer's disease model". Cell Stem Cell 14 (2): 188–202. February 2014. doi:10.1016/j.stem.2013.12.001. PMID 24360883.
- ↑ Tutukova, Svetlana; Tarabykin, Victor; Hernandez-Miranda, Luis R. (2021). "The Role of Neurod Genes in Brain Development, Function, and Disease". Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience 14: 662774. doi:10.3389/fnmol.2021.662774. ISSN 1662-5099. PMID 34177462.
- ↑ "Stimulation of NeuroD activity by huntingtin and huntingtin-associated proteins HAP1 and MLK2". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 100 (16): 9578–83. August 2003. doi:10.1073/pnas.1133382100. PMID 12881483. Bibcode: 2003PNAS..100.9578M.
- ↑ "The islet beta cell-enriched MafA activator is a key regulator of insulin gene transcription". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 280 (12): 11887–94. March 2005. doi:10.1074/jbc.M409475200. PMID 15665000.
- ↑ "Cyclin D1 represses the basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor, BETA2/NeuroD". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 277 (11): 8847–53. March 2002. doi:10.1074/jbc.M110747200. PMID 11788592.
Further reading
- "Molecular mechanisms and clinical pathophysiology of maturity-onset diabetes of the young". The New England Journal of Medicine 345 (13): 971–80. September 2001. doi:10.1056/NEJMra002168. PMID 11575290.
- "The role of BETA2/NeuroD1 in the development of the nervous system". Molecular Neurobiology 30 (1): 35–47. August 2004. doi:10.1385/MN:30:1:035. PMID 15247487.
- "NeuroD: the predicted and the surprising". Molecules and Cells 18 (3): 271–88. December 2004. PMID 15650322.
- "The NEUROD gene maps to human chromosome 2q32 and mouse chromosome 2". Genomics 34 (3): 418–21. June 1996. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0306. PMID 8786144.
- "Molecular cloning of a human neuroD from a neuroblastoma cell line specifically expressed in the fetal brain and adult cerebellum". Brain Research. Molecular Brain Research 42 (1): 135–9. November 1996. doi:10.1016/S0169-328X(96)00154-4. PMID 8915591.
- "Identification and cloning of neuroblastoma-specific and nerve tissue-specific genes through compiled expression profiles". DNA Research 3 (5): 311–20. October 1996. doi:10.1093/dnares/3.5.311. PMID 9039501.
- "cDNA cloning and expression analysis of NeuroD mRNA in human retina". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 233 (2): 459–63. April 1997. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1997.6483. PMID 9144558.
- "NeuroD1/beta2 contributes to cell-specific transcription of the proopiomelanocortin gene". Molecular and Cellular Biology 17 (11): 6673–82. November 1997. doi:10.1128/mcb.17.11.6673. PMID 9343431.
- "Beta-cell transcription factors and diabetes: mutations in the coding region of the BETA2/NeuroD1 (NEUROD1) and Nkx2.2 (NKX2B) genes are not associated with maturity-onset diabetes of the young in Japanese". Diabetes 47 (8): 1356–8. August 1998. doi:10.2337/diabetes.47.8.1356. PMID 9703340.
- "Molecular cloning and characterization of the gene encoding human NeuroD". Neuroscience Letters 251 (1): 17–20. July 1998. doi:10.1016/S0304-3940(98)00490-X. PMID 9714454.
- "Structure and regulation of the human NeuroD (BETA2/BHF1) gene". Brain Research. Molecular Brain Research 69 (2): 223–31. June 1999. doi:10.1016/S0169-328X(99)00112-6. PMID 10366743.
- "Regulation of NeuroD expression by activation of the protein kinase-C pathway in Y79 human retinoblastoma cells". Neuroscience Letters 272 (1): 45–8. September 1999. doi:10.1016/S0304-3940(99)00569-8. PMID 10507539.
- "Mutations in NEUROD1 are associated with the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus". Nature Genetics 23 (3): 323–8. November 1999. doi:10.1038/15500. PMID 10545951.
- "Transcription factor BETA2 acts cooperatively with E2A and PDX1 to activate the insulin gene promoter". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 275 (3): 2199–204. January 2000. doi:10.1074/jbc.275.3.2199. PMID 10636926.
- "A novel type of calmodulin interaction in the inhibition of basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors". Biochemistry 39 (15): 4366–74. April 2000. doi:10.1021/bi992533u. PMID 10757985.
- "The association of Ala45Thr polymorphism in NeuroD with child-onset Type 1a diabetes in Japanese". Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 55 (1): 11–7. January 2002. doi:10.1016/S0168-8227(01)00242-X. PMID 11755474.
- "Cyclin D1 represses the basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor, BETA2/NeuroD". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 277 (11): 8847–53. March 2002. doi:10.1074/jbc.M110747200. PMID 11788592.
- "The proneural genes NEUROD1 and NEUROD2 are expressed during human trophoblast invasion". Mechanisms of Development 113 (1): 85–90. April 2002. doi:10.1016/S0925-4773(01)00665-7. PMID 11900979.
- "Beta-cell dysfunction in late-onset diabetic subjects carrying homozygous mutation in transcription factors NeuroD1 and Pax4". Metabolism 51 (9): 1161–5. September 2002. doi:10.1053/meta.2002.34707. PMID 12200761.
External links
- NEUROD1+protein,+human at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.
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