Biology:ATF1

Short description: Protein-coding gene in humans

Generic protein structure example

Cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ATF1 gene.

This gene encodes an activating transcription factor, which belongs to the ATF subfamily and bZIP (basic-region leucine zipper) family. It influences cellular physiologic processes by regulating the expression of downstream target genes, which are related to growth, survival, and other cellular activities. This protein is phosphorylated at serine 63 in its kinase-inducible domain by serine/threonine kinases, cAMP-dependent protein kinase A, calmodulin-dependent protein kinase I/II, mitogen- and stress-activated protein kinase and cyclin-dependent kinase 3 (cdk-3). Its phosphorylation enhances its transactivation and transcriptional activities, and enhances cell transformation.

Clinical significance

Fusion of this gene and FUS on chromosome 16 or EWSR1 on chromosome 22 induced by translocation generates chimeric proteins in angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma and clear cell sarcoma. This gene has a pseudogene on chromosome 6.

See also

• Activating transcription factor

Interactions

ATF1 has been shown to interact with:

• BRCA1,
• CSNK2A2,
• CSNK2A1, and
• EWS.

Further reading

• "The EWS-ATF-1 gene involved in malignant melanoma of soft parts with t(12;22) chromosome translocation, encodes a constitutive transcriptional activator". Oncogene 12 (1): 159–67. January 1996. PMID 8552387. 
• "EWS-ATF-1 chimeric protein in soft tissue clear cell sarcoma associates with CREB-binding protein and interferes with p53-mediated trans-activation function". Oncogene 20 (46): 6653–9. October 2001. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1204684. PMID 11709699. 
• "The cAMP-regulated enhancer-binding protein ATF-1 activates transcription in response to cAMP-dependent protein kinase A.". J. Biol. Chem. 266 (28): 18431–4. 1991. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)55078-X. PMID 1655749. 
• "Multiple cDNA clones encoding nuclear proteins that bind to the tax-dependent enhancer of HTLV-1: all contain a leucine zipper structure and basic amino acid domain.". EMBO J. 9 (8): 2537–42. 1990. doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1990.tb07434.x. PMID 2196176. 
• "Transcription factor ATF cDNA clones: an extensive family of leucine zipper proteins able to selectively form DNA-binding heterodimers.". Genes Dev. 3 (12B): 2083–90. 1990. doi:10.1101/gad.3.12b.2083. PMID 2516827. 
• "Activating transcription factor 1 and cyclic AMP response element modulator can modulate the activity of the immunoglobulin kappa 3' enhancer.". J. Biol. Chem. 270 (17): 10304–13. 1995. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.17.10304. PMID 7730336. 
• "Activating transcription factor-1 can mediate Ca(2+)- and cAMP-inducible transcriptional activation.". J. Biol. Chem. 268 (9): 6714–20. 1993. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)53308-1. PMID 8384217. 
• "B-ATF: a novel human bZIP protein that associates with members of the AP-1 transcription factor family.". Oncogene 11 (11): 2255–65. 1996. PMID 8570175. 
• "Regulation of activating transcription factor-1 and the cAMP response element-binding protein by Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases type I, II, and IV.". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (6): 3066–73. 1996. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.6.3066. PMID 8621702. 
• "Calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II potentiates transcriptional activation through activating transcription factor 1 but not cAMP response element-binding protein.". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (30): 17957–60. 1996. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.30.17957. PMID 8663317. 
• "Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery.". Genome Res. 6 (9): 791–806. 1997. doi:10.1101/gr.6.9.791. PMID 8889548. 
• "Phosphorylation of ATF-1 enhances its DNA binding and transcription of the Na,K-ATPase alpha 1 subunit gene promoter.". Nucleic Acids Res. 25 (4): 877–82. 1997. doi:10.1093/nar/25.4.877. PMID 9016641. 
• "Role of tissue-specific transcription factor LFB3 in a cyclic AMP-responsive enhancer of the urokinase-type plasminogen activator gene in LLC-PK1 cells.". Mol. Cell. Biol. 18 (8): 4698–706. 1998. doi:10.1128/mcb.18.8.4698. PMID 9671480. 
• "Casein kinase II interacts with the bZIP domains of several transcription factors.". Nucleic Acids Res. 26 (16): 3854–61. 1998. doi:10.1093/nar/26.16.3854. PMID 9685505. 
• "New type of chimeric fusion product between the EWS and ATFI genes in clear cell sarcoma (malignant melanoma of soft parts).". Genes Chromosomes Cancer 23 (4): 358–60. 1999. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-2264(199812)23:4<358::AID-GCC11>3.0.CO;2-3. PMID 9824209. 
• "The role of human MBF1 as a transcriptional coactivator.". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (48): 34196–202. 1999. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.48.34196. PMID 10567391. 
• "Synergistic transcriptional activation by hGABP and select members of the activation transcription factor/cAMP response element-binding protein family.". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (50): 35475–82. 2000. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.50.35475. PMID 10585419. 
• "BRCA1 physically and functionally interacts with ATF1.". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (46): 36230–7. 2000. doi:10.1074/jbc.M002539200. PMID 10945975. 
• "Promoter elements and transcription factors involved in differentiation-dependent human chorionic gonadotrophin-alpha messenger ribonucleic acid expression of term villous trophoblasts.". Endocrinology 141 (10): 3737–48. 2000. doi:10.1210/en.141.10.3737. PMID 11014230. 
• "MSK1 is required for CREB phosphorylation in response to mitogens in mouse embryonic stem cells.". FEBS Lett. 482 (1–2): 44–8. 2000. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(00)02031-7. PMID 11018520. 
• "Composition and function of AP-1 transcription complexes during muscle cell differentiation.". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (19): 16426–32. 2002. doi:10.1074/jbc.M110891200. PMID 11877423. 

External links

• ATF1+protein,+human at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
• Human ATF1 genome location and ATF1 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.

Template:Regulome This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.