Biology:IFI16

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Short description: Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens


A representation of the 3D structure of the protein myoglobin showing turquoise α-helices.
Generic protein structure example

Gamma-interferon-inducible protein Ifi-16 (Ifi-16) also known as interferon-inducible myeloid differentiation transcriptional activator is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IFI16 gene.[1][2][3]

Function

This gene encodes a member of the HIN-200 (hematopoietic interferon-inducible nuclear antigens with 200 amino acid repeats) family of cytokines. The encoded protein contains domains involved in DNA binding, transcriptional regulation, and protein-protein interactions. The protein localizes to the nucleoplasm and nucleoli, and interacts with p53,[4] retinoblastoma-1 and BRCA1.[5] It modulates p53 function, and inhibits cell growth in the Ras/Raf signaling pathway.[3] IFI16 has been shown to play a role in the sensing of intracellular DNA[6] - a hallmark of virally infected cells - and has also been linked to the death of HIV-infected helper CD4 T cells by pyroptosis, a highly inflammatory form of programmed cell death.[7][8] Recently, it has been shown how IFI16, once extracellularly released, can induce inflammation upon TLR4 binding, acting as a DAMP.[9]

References

  1. "A novel gene constitutively expressed in human lymphoid cells is inducible with interferon-gamma in myeloid cells". Immunogenetics 36 (6): 369–76. Oct 1992. doi:10.1007/bf00218044. PMID 1526658. 
  2. "Genomic organization of IFI16, an interferon-inducible gene whose expression is associated with human myeloid cell differentiation: correlation of predicted protein domains with exon organization". Immunogenetics 40 (6): 415–24. Dec 1994. doi:10.1007/bf00177824. PMID 7959953. 
  3. 3.0 3.1 "Entrez Gene: IFI16 interferon, gamma-inducible protein 16". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=3428. 
  4. Ouchi, Mutsuko; Ouchi, Toru (2008-01-01). "Role of IFI16 in DNA damage and checkpoint". Frontiers in Bioscience 13 (13): 236–239. doi:10.2741/2673. ISSN 1093-9946. PMID 17981541. 
  5. Dutta, Dipanjan; Dutta, Sujoy; Veettil, Mohanan Valiya; Roy, Arunava; Ansari, Mairaj Ahmed; Iqbal, Jawed; Chikoti, Leela; Kumar, Binod et al. (2015-06-01). "BRCA1 Regulates IFI16 Mediated Nuclear Innate Sensing of Herpes Viral DNA and Subsequent Induction of the Innate Inflammasome and Interferon-β Responses". PLOS Pathogens 11 (6): e1005030. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1005030. ISSN 1553-7374. PMID 26121674. 
  6. "IFI16 is an innate immune sensor for intracellular DNA". Nat. Immunol. 11 (11): 997–1004. 2010. doi:10.1038/ni.1932. PMID 20890285. 
  7. "IFI16 DNA sensor is required for death of lymphoid CD4 T cells abortively infected with HIV". Science 343 (6169): 428–32. 2014. doi:10.1126/science.1243640. PMID 24356113. Bibcode2014Sci...343..428M. 
  8. "Cell death by pyroptosis drives CD4 T-cell depletion in HIV-1 infection". Nature 505 (7484): 509–14. 2014. doi:10.1038/nature12940. PMID 24356306. Bibcode2014Natur.505..509D. 
  9. Iannucci A, Caneparo V, Raviola S, Debernardi I, Colangelo D, et al. (2020) Toll-like receptor 4-mediated inflammation triggered by extracellular IFI16 is enhanced by lipopolysaccharide binding. PLOS Pathogens 16(9): e1008811. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1008811

Further reading

External links

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.