Biology:LHX3

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Short description: Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens


A representation of the 3D structure of the protein myoglobin showing turquoise α-helices.
Generic protein structure example

LIM/homeobox protein Lhx3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LHX3 gene.[1][2][3]

Function

LHX3 encodes a protein of a large protein family, members of which carry the LIM domain, a unique cysteine-rich zinc-binding domain. The encoded protein is a transcription factor that is required for pituitary development and motor neuron specification. Two transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified for this gene.[3]

Clinical significance

Mutations in this gene have been associated with a syndrome of combined pituitary hormone deficiency and rigid cervical spine.[3]

Interactions

LHX3 has been shown to interact with Ldb1.[4]

References

  1. ↑ "Differential activation of pituitary hormone genes by human Lhx3 isoforms with distinct DNA binding properties". Mol Endocrinol 13 (12): 2212–25. Jan 2000. doi:10.1210/me.13.12.2212. PMID 10598593. 
  2. ↑ "Analysis of the human LHX3 neuroendocrine transcription factor gene and mapping to the subtelomeric region of chromosome 9". Gene 245 (2): 237–43. May 2000. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(00)00025-1. PMID 10717474. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 "Entrez Gene: LHX3 LIM homeobox 3". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=8022. 
  4. ↑ "The nuclear LIM domain interactor NLI mediates homo- and heterodimerization of LIM domain transcription factors". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (6): 3152–7. February 1998. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.6.3152. PMID 9452425. 

Further reading

  • Zhadanov AB; Bertuzzi S; Taira M; Dawid, Igor B.; Westphal, Heiner (1995). "Expression pattern of the murine LIM class homeobox gene Lhx3 in subsets of neural and neuroendocrine tissues". Dev. Dyn. 202 (4): 354–64. doi:10.1002/aja.1002020405. PMID 7626792. 
  • Zhadanov AB; Copeland NG; Gilbert DJ; Jenkins, Nancy A.; Westphal, Heiner (1995). "Genomic structure and chromosomal localization of the mouse LIM/homeobox gene Lhx3". Genomics 27 (1): 27–32. doi:10.1006/geno.1995.1004. PMID 7665181. https://zenodo.org/record/1229689. 
  • "The nuclear LIM domain interactor NLI mediates homo- and heterodimerization of LIM domain transcription factors". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (6): 3152–7. 1998. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.6.3152. PMID 9452425. 
  • Bach I; Rodriguez-Esteban C; Carrière C; Rodriguez-Esteban, Concepción; Carrière, Catherine; Bhushan, Anil; Krones, Anna; Rose, David W. et al. (1999). "RLIM inhibits functional activity of LIM homeodomain transcription factors via recruitment of the histone deacetylase complex". Nat. Genet. 22 (4): 394–9. doi:10.1038/11970. PMID 10431247. 
  • "MRG1 binds to the LIM domain of Lhx2 and may function as a coactivator to stimulate glycoprotein hormone alpha-subunit gene expression". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (51): 36159–67. 2000. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.51.36159. PMID 10593900. 
  • "Identification of a conserved protein that interacts with specific LIM homeodomain transcription factors". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (18): 13336–42. 2000. doi:10.1074/jbc.275.18.13336. PMID 10788441. 
  • Parker GE; Sandoval RM; Feister HA; Bidwell, JP; Rhodes, SJ (2000). "The homeodomain coordinates nuclear entry of the Lhx3 neuroendocrine transcription factor and association with the nuclear matrix". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (31): 23891–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.M000377200. PMID 10818088. 
  • Netchine I; Sobrier ML; Krude H; Krude, Heiko; Schnabel, Dirk; Maghnie, Mohamed; Marcos, Elisabeth; Duriez, Bénédicte et al. (2000). "Mutations in LHX3 result in a new syndrome revealed by combined pituitary hormone deficiency". Nat. Genet. 25 (2): 182–6. doi:10.1038/76041. PMID 10835633. 
  • "Genomic structure, chromosomal localization, and expression pattern of the human LIM-homeobox3 (LHX 3) gene". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 274 (1): 49–56. 2000. doi:10.1006/bbrc.2000.3038. PMID 10903894. 
  • "An isoform-specific inhibitory domain regulates the LHX3 LIM homeodomain factor holoprotein and the production of a functional alternate translation form". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (39): 36311–9. 2001. doi:10.1074/jbc.M103888200. PMID 11470784. 
  • Ostendorff HP; Peirano RI; Peters MA; Schlüter, Anne; Bossenz, Michael; Scheffner, Martin; Bach, Ingolf (2002). "Ubiquitination-dependent cofactor exchange on LIM homeodomain transcription factors". Nature 416 (6876): 99–103. doi:10.1038/416099a. PMID 11882901. Bibcode: 2002Natur.416...99O. 
  • Strausberg RL; Feingold EA; Grouse LH; Derge, JG; Klausner, RD; Collins, FS; Wagner, L; Shenmen, CM et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMID 12477932. Bibcode: 2002PNAS...9916899M. 
  • "Ssdp proteins bind to LIM-interacting co-factors and regulate the activity of LIM-homeodomain protein complexes in vivo". Development 130 (9): 1915–25. 2003. doi:10.1242/dev.00389. PMID 12642495. 
  • Kim SS; Kim Y; Shin YL; Kim, Gu-Hwan; Kim, Tae-Ue; Yoo, Han-Wook (2004). "Clinical characteristics and molecular analysis of PIT1, PROP1,LHX3, and HESX1 in combined pituitary hormone deficiency patients with abnormal pituitary MR imaging". Horm. Res. 60 (6): 277–83. doi:10.1159/000074245. PMID 14646405. 
  • Dattani MT (2004). "Borjeson-Forssman-Lehmann syndrome: a novel pituitary phenotype due to mutation in a novel gene". J. Pediatr. Endocrinol. Metab. 16 (9): 1207–9. doi:10.1515/jpem.2003.16.9.1207. PMID 14714741. 
  • West BE; Parker GE; Savage JJ; Kiratipranon, P; Toomey, KS; Beach, LR; Colvin, SC; Sloop, KW et al. (2004). "Regulation of the follicle-stimulating hormone beta gene by the LHX3 LIM-homeodomain transcription factor". Endocrinology 145 (11): 4866–79. doi:10.1210/en.2004-0598. PMID 15271874. 
  • "Serine/threonine/tyrosine phosphorylation of the LHX3 LIM-homeodomain transcription factor". J. Cell. Biochem. 94 (1): 67–80. 2005. doi:10.1002/jcb.20287. PMID 15517599. 
  • Sobrier ML; Attié-Bitach T; Netchine I; Encha-Razavi, F.; Vekemans, M.; Amselem, S. (2006). "Pathophysiology of syndromic combined pituitary hormone deficiency due to a LHX3 defect in light of LHX3 and LHX4 expression during early human development". Gene Expr. Patterns 5 (2): 279–84. doi:10.1016/j.modgep.2004.07.003. PMID 15567726. 

External links

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.




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